A maxillectomy is a surgical procedure that removes part or all of the upper jawbone. The procedure can be used to treat cancer of the upper jaw, sinus or nose.
The maxilla is a crucial bone in the skull. It enables many basic functions, such as chewing and smiling.
Anesthesia
A number of different anesthetic techniques are used during a maxillectomy. The type of anesthesia is based on the patient’s general health, comorbidities, and wishes.
The type of anesthesia may be either orotracheal or nasotracheal. The anesthesia is monitored closely during the operation to make sure there are no complications.
During the operation, the surgeon removes all or part of the bone from the maxilla. This is known as a Maxillectomy and can include partial, subtotal, or total removal of the bone.
This surgery is used to treat a variety of cancers and other diseases, such as tumors of the oral cavity, sinuses, salivary glands, mucormycosis, papilloma, angiofibroma, or granulomatous disease.
The surgical procedure is done in a hospital or clinic. Some patients are able to go home after a short period of recovery. Others will need to stay in the hospital longer depending on their comorbidities and previous treatments. Reconstruction options include a skin graft, local flap, free flap, or prosthetic obturator.
Incisions
The maxilla is the bone that sits next to your nose (on the face). Maxillectomy is a type of surgical procedure that removes all or part of this bone. It can be used to treat cancer of the mouth, nose, or maxillary sinuses.
Before surgery, the doctor will give you instructions about what to eat and drink, what not to eat, and whether you should take certain medications before and after the surgery. You may also need to avoid strenuous activity until you are healed.
During the surgery, your doctor will make several incisions on your face. They will then use tools to cut the bone and remove the tumor or other abnormal tissue.
In many cases, a surgeon will be able to remove the entire lesion without any additional surgery. However, some cases will need additional surgery to repair the bone and tissues.
Surgery
Maxillectomy is a surgical procedure that removes part or all of the maxilla bone. It can be used to treat tumors of the oral cavity (inside the mouth), nasal cavity (inside the nose) or maxillary sinuses (pockets in the bones of the face).
The surgery involves making an incision on the face and using tools through the nose to remove the maxilla. There are three types of maxillectomy: medial, infrastructure and subtotal.
A line of transection along the infraorbital rim and superior anterior maxillary wall was made with a high-speed oscillating saw and a fine blade. The cut extended through the piriform aperture and zygomatic process to expose the posterolateral aspect of the sinus.
Maxillectomy is indicated for tumors that extend into the maxillary sinus or nasal cavity and have significant bilateral extension. Total maxillectomy is also recommended for tumors that have encroached on the globe or skull base.
Reconstruction
The Maxilla is the largest bone in the upper jaw and serves a variety of functions. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal airway, supports the globe of the eye and superior arch teeth, and provides support for facial soft tissues.
The surgical removal of the maxilla can lead to a wide range of functional and aesthetic sequelae. These defects are commonly associated with facial disfigurement, loss of vision, compromised speech, difficulty swallowing and diminished overall quality of life.
Reconstruction of the maxilla following cancer resection requires careful assessment and selection of the most appropriate reconstructive modality. There are many different techniques, including grafts, flaps and alloplastic materials. Some of these methods are successful, while others do not.